Because these policies are sometimes implemented by governments, limiting the unrestrained power of the state is an important part of international law. Examples are acts typically deemed "crimes against humanity," including genocide, torture, slavery, rape, enforced sterilization or medical experimentation, and deliberate starvation. It is, in a sense, to treat them as if they are less than human and undeserving of respect and dignity. To violate the most basic human rights, on the other hand, is to deny individuals their fundamental moral entitlements. To protect human rights is to ensure that people receive some degree of decent, humane treatment. Speaking of rights allows us to express the idea that all individuals are part of the scope of morality and justice. Human rights are the articulation of the need for justice, tolerance, mutual respect, and human dignity in all of our activity. These include certain civil liberties and political rights, the most fundamental of which is the right to life and physical safety. There is now near-universal consensus that all individuals are entitled to certain basic rights under any circumstances. "While combat between federal forces and Chechen rebels has for the most part ceased, the 'disappearance,' torture, and summary execution of detainees continues, marking the transition from a classical internal conflict into a 'dirty war,' where human rights violations and not the conquest or defense of territory are the hallmarks." - Human Rights Watch, click here for web page. "The 'disappearances' of detainees in the custody of Russian federal forces in Chechnya is a major human rights crisis that the Russian government and the international community must address."
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